Social science evidence

It may be helpful to include social science evidence to explain why the woman:

  • may need to be excused from meeting conditions at the second stage of processing
  • cannot show that she is more established in Canada

This evidence might include, for example, academic research, news articles, or reports by non-governmental organizations.

They can show how being in an abusive relationship, or living without status or with uncertain status is known to affect a woman’s ability to:

  • support herself, or
  • be a part of the community.

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